Authentication

Overview

Uploadista is designed to work with your existing authentication system. Rather than imposing a specific auth solution, Uploadista provides flexible middleware hooks on the server and credential injection on the client, allowing you to integrate any authentication method you already use.

Key design principles:

• Bring your own auth: Use JWT, API keys, sessions, OAuth, or any auth system
• Middleware-based: Server adapters accept auth middleware that you control
• Client flexibility: Clients can inject credentials via headers, cookies, or custom logic
• Optional by default: Authentication is entirely optional for development or public endpoints

How It Works

Server-Side: Auth Middleware

Each server adapter (Hono, Express, Fastify) accepts an authMiddleware function. This middleware:

1. Receives the incoming request context
2. Validates credentials using your auth system
3. Returns an AuthContext with client ID and permissions, or null to reject

// The auth middleware signature
type AuthMiddleware = (context) => Promise<AuthContext | null>;

// AuthContext returned on successful authentication
type AuthContext = {
  clientId: string;          // Unique identifier for the authenticated user/client
  permissions?: string[];    // Optional permissions array (see Permissions section)
  metadata?: Record<string, unknown>; // Optional custom data
};

Client-Side: Credential Injection

The client supports two authentication modes:

1. Direct Mode: You provide credentials (headers, cookies) for each request
2. UploadistaCloud Mode: Automatic JWT token exchange with your auth server

// Direct mode - bring your own auth
auth: {
  mode: 'direct',
  getCredentials: async () => ({
    headers: { 'Authorization': `Bearer ${await getToken()}` }
  })
}

// UploadistaCloud mode - automatic token management
auth: {
  mode: 'uploadista-cloud',
  authServerUrl: '/api/auth/token',
  clientId: 'your-client-id'
}

Server Authentication

Hono Adapter

import { createUploadistaServer } from "@uploadista/server";
import { honoAdapter } from "@uploadista/adapters-hono";

const uploadistaServer = await createUploadistaServer({
  dataStore: s3Store({ /* config */ }),
  kvStore: redisKvStore({ /* config */ }),
  flows,
  adapter: honoAdapter({
    authMiddleware: async (c) => {
      // Extract and validate credentials
      const token = c.req.header("Authorization")?.split(" ")[1];
      if (!token) return null;

      try {
        const payload = await verifyJWT(token, process.env.JWT_SECRET);
        return {
          clientId: payload.sub,
          permissions: payload.permissions || [],
        };
      } catch {
        return null;
      }
    },
  }),
});

Express Adapter

import { expressAdapter } from "@uploadista/adapters-express";

const uploadistaServer = await createUploadistaServer({
  // ... other config
  adapter: expressAdapter({
    authMiddleware: async (ctx) => {
      const token = ctx.request.headers.authorization?.split(" ")[1];
      if (!token) return null;

      try {
        const payload = await verifyJWT(token, process.env.JWT_SECRET);
        return { clientId: payload.sub, permissions: payload.permissions };
      } catch {
        return null;
      }
    },
  }),
});

Fastify Adapter

import { fastifyAdapter } from "@uploadista/adapters-fastify";

const uploadistaServer = await createUploadistaServer({
  // ... other config
  adapter: fastifyAdapter({
    authMiddleware: async (ctx) => {
      const token = ctx.request.headers.authorization?.split(" ")[1];
      if (!token) return null;

      try {
        const payload = await verifyJWT(token, process.env.JWT_SECRET);
        return { clientId: payload.sub, permissions: payload.permissions };
      } catch {
        return null;
      }
    },
  }),
});

Common Auth Patterns

JWT Token

authMiddleware: async (ctx) => {
  const token = ctx.request.headers.authorization?.replace('Bearer ', '');
  if (!token) return null;

  const user = await verifyJWT(token);
  return user ? { clientId: user.sub, permissions: user.permissions } : null;
}

API Key

authMiddleware: async (ctx) => {
  const apiKey = ctx.request.headers['x-api-key'];
  if (!apiKey) return null;

  const client = await db.clients.findByApiKey(apiKey);
  return client ? { clientId: client.id, permissions: client.permissions } : null;
}

Session Cookie

authMiddleware: async (ctx) => {
  const sessionId = ctx.request.cookies?.session;
  if (!sessionId) return null;

  const session = await getSession(sessionId);
  return session ? { clientId: session.userId } : null;
}

OAuth/OIDC

authMiddleware: async (ctx) => {
  const token = ctx.request.headers.authorization?.replace('Bearer ', '');
  if (!token) return null;

  // Validate with your OAuth provider
  const userInfo = await oauth.validateAccessToken(token);
  return userInfo ? { clientId: userInfo.sub } : null;
}

Client Authentication

Direct Mode

Direct mode gives you complete control over authentication. Provide a getCredentials function that returns headers or cookies:

import { createUploadistaClient } from "@uploadista/client";

const client = createUploadistaClient({
  baseUrl: "https://api.example.com",
  storageId: "my-storage",
  chunkSize: 1024 * 1024,

  auth: {
    mode: 'direct',
    getCredentials: async () => ({
      headers: {
        'Authorization': `Bearer ${await getAccessToken()}`
      }
    })
  }
});

// Credentials are automatically attached to all requests
await client.upload(file);

Direct Mode Examples

OAuth Token

auth: {
  mode: 'direct',
  getCredentials: async () => {
    const token = await oauth.getAccessToken();
    return {
      headers: { 'Authorization': `Bearer ${token}` }
    };
  }
}

API Key

auth: {
  mode: 'direct',
  getCredentials: () => ({
    headers: { 'X-API-Key': process.env.API_KEY }
  })
}

Session Cookie

auth: {
  mode: 'direct',
  getCredentials: () => ({
    cookies: { 'session': getSessionId() }
  })
}

UploadistaCloud Mode

UploadistaCloud mode provides automatic JWT token exchange. Your backend exchanges credentials with Uploadista Cloud, and the client automatically manages token lifecycle.

const client = createUploadistaClient({
  storageId: "my-storage",
  chunkSize: 1024 * 1024,

  auth: {
    mode: 'uploadista-cloud',
    authServerUrl: '/api/auth/token',
    clientId: 'your-client-id'
  }
});

Server endpoint implementation (Next.js):

app/api/auth/token/[clientId]/route.ts

import { getAuthCredentials } from '@uploadista/server/auth';

export const GET = async (req, ctx) => {
  const { clientId } = await ctx.params;
  const apiKey = process.env.UPLOADISTA_API_KEY;

  const response = await getAuthCredentials({
    uploadistaClientId: clientId,
    uploadistaApiKey: apiKey,
  });

  if (!response.isValid) {
    return Response.json({ error: response.error }, { status: 500 });
  }

  return Response.json(response.data);
};

Token lifecycle features:

• Caching: Tokens are cached to minimize auth server requests
• Auto-refresh: Tokens are refreshed 60 seconds before expiration
• Retry: Automatic retry with fresh token on 401 errors

Permissions

Uploadista supports fine-grained, permission-based access control. Permissions follow a resource:action format with wildcards and hierarchies.

Permission Format

// Permission format: resource:action
"upload:create"    // Create new uploads
"flow:execute"     // Execute flows
"engine:health"    // Access health endpoints
"engine:*"         // All engine permissions (wildcard)

Available Permissions

Resource	Permission	Description
Upload	upload:*	All upload operations
	upload:create	Start new uploads, upload chunks
	upload:read	View upload status, download files
	upload:cancel	Cancel in-progress uploads
Flow	flow:*	All flow operations
	flow:execute	Run flows on uploaded files
	flow:status	Check flow job status
	flow:cancel	Cancel running flows
Engine	engine:*	All admin operations
	engine:health	Access /health endpoint
	engine:metrics	Access /metrics endpoint
	engine:dlq	Full Dead Letter Queue access
	engine:dlq:read	Read DLQ entries
	engine:dlq:write	Retry or delete DLQ entries

Granting Permissions

Include permissions in the AuthContext returned by your auth middleware:

authMiddleware: async (ctx) => {
  const user = await validateUser(ctx);
  if (!user) return null;

  return {
    clientId: user.organizationId,
    permissions: user.isAdmin
      ? ['engine:*']  // Admin gets full access
      : ['flow:*', 'upload:*'],  // Regular user gets flow and upload access
  };
}

Permission Matching

// Exact match
hasPermission(["flow:execute"], "flow:execute"); // true
hasPermission(["flow:execute"], "flow:cancel");  // false

// Wildcard match
hasPermission(["flow:*"], "flow:execute"); // true
hasPermission(["flow:*"], "flow:cancel");  // true

// Hierarchical match
hasPermission(["engine:dlq"], "engine:dlq:read");  // true
hasPermission(["engine:dlq"], "engine:dlq:write"); // true

Role-Based Setup

Map your existing roles to Uploadista permissions:

import { PERMISSION_SETS } from "@uploadista/server";

const roleToPermissions = {
  admin: PERMISSION_SETS.ADMIN,
  editor: ["flow:execute", "flow:status", "upload:*"],
  viewer: ["flow:status", "upload:read"],
  uploader: ["upload:create", "upload:read"],
};

// In your auth middleware
authMiddleware: async (ctx) => {
  const user = await validateUser(ctx);
  if (!user) return null;

  return {
    clientId: user.id,
    permissions: roleToPermissions[user.role] ?? [],
  };
}

No Authentication (Development)

Authentication is completely optional. If you don’t provide authMiddleware (server) or auth config (client), everything works without authentication:

// Server - no auth middleware
const uploadistaServer = await createUploadistaServer({
  dataStore: fileStore({ directory: "./uploads" }),
  kvStore: fileKvStore({ directory: "./uploads" }),
  flows,
  adapter: expressAdapter(), // No authMiddleware - all requests allowed
});

// Client - no auth config
const client = createUploadistaClient({
  baseUrl: "http://localhost:3000",
  storageId: "local",
  chunkSize: 1024 * 1024,
  // No auth - no credentials sent
});

Error Responses

Status	Error	Description
401 Unauthorized	AUTHENTICATION_REQUIRED	No authentication provided or auth middleware returned null
403 Forbidden	PERMISSION_DENIED	Authenticated but missing required permission

// 401 response
{
  "code": "AUTHENTICATION_REQUIRED",
  "message": "Authentication required"
}

// 403 response
{
  "code": "PERMISSION_DENIED",
  "message": "Permission denied: flow:execute required"
}

Security Best Practices

1. Always use HTTPS in production - credentials sent over HTTP can be intercepted
2. Use short-lived tokens - reduce impact if token is compromised
3. Validate tokens properly - use established libraries (jose, jsonwebtoken, etc.)
4. Use least-privilege permissions - grant only the permissions each user needs
5. Separate admin access - keep engine:* permissions separate from regular users
6. Don’t log credentials or tokens - they contain sensitive information
7. Implement rate limiting - prevent brute force attacks

Troubleshooting

Always getting 401

• Verify your auth middleware is returning a valid AuthContext object (not null)
• Check credentials are being sent correctly from the client
• Add logging to your auth middleware to debug

Client credentials not being sent

• Verify auth config is passed to createUploadistaClient
• Check getCredentials() is returning the correct format
• Ensure credentials are not empty

Getting 403 Forbidden

• Check that permissions array is included in your AuthContext
• Verify the required permission is in the user’s permissions list
• Use wildcard permissions (flow:*, upload:*) for full access

Related Concepts

• Express Integration - Express-specific auth examples
• Hono Integration - Hono-specific auth examples
• Fastify Integration - Fastify-specific auth examples
• React Client - Client-side auth in React